EC
1175
MySQLERRORNotableSafetyHIGH confidence

You are using safe update mode and tried to update a table without a WHERE using a KEY column

What this means

Error 1175 is returned when sql_safe_updates mode is enabled and a UPDATE or DELETE statement is executed without a WHERE clause that references an indexed column, or without a LIMIT clause. This is a safety net to prevent accidental full-table updates or deletes, common in MySQL Workbench by default.

Why it happens
  1. 1Running UPDATE table SET col = val without a WHERE clause
  2. 2Running DELETE FROM table without a WHERE clause
  3. 3A WHERE clause that does not reference any indexed (KEY) column
How to reproduce

A DELETE without a WHERE clause is run with sql_safe_updates enabled.

trigger — this will error
trigger — this will error
SET sql_safe_updates = 1;
DELETE FROM users;  -- no WHERE clause

expected output

ERROR 1175 (HY000): You are using safe update mode and you tried to update a table without a WHERE that uses a KEY column.

Fix 1

Add a proper WHERE clause

WHEN When you intend to update or delete specific rows.

Add a proper WHERE clause
DELETE FROM users WHERE id = 42;

Why this works

A WHERE clause that references an indexed column satisfies safe update mode. The query affects only the matching rows.

Fix 2

Disable safe update mode for the session if a full-table operation is intended

WHEN When a bulk operation on all rows is deliberate.

Disable safe update mode for the session if a full-table operation is intended
SET sql_safe_updates = 0;
TRUNCATE TABLE sessions;  -- or DELETE FROM sessions;
SET sql_safe_updates = 1;  -- re-enable after

Why this works

Temporarily disabling safe update mode allows the full-table operation. Re-enabling it afterwards restores the safety net. Use TRUNCATE TABLE for deleting all rows — it is faster than DELETE FROM for large tables.

What not to do

✕ Permanently disable sql_safe_updates in the server configuration

Safe update mode is an important last-resort protection against accidental mass deletions and updates, particularly in interactive sessions.

Version notes
All versions

sql_safe_updates is a session variable. MySQL Workbench enables it by default for interactive connections.

Sources
Official documentation ↗

MariaDB Server error code 1175 / ER_UPDATE_WITHOUT_KEY_IN_SAFE_MODE

MariaDB sql_safe_updates ↗

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